(a) With the aid of labelled diagrams, describe the instruments used to measure rainfall.
(b) Explain how the instruments are used to obtain total annual rainfall.
(c) State any two precautions to be taken in the use of the instruments.
Explanation
Description of rain guage.
(i) Rain guage consists of a funnel which is either 13 20cm
(ii) A funnel leads to the glass bottle.
(iii) Th hole in the funnel is very small.
(iv) The glass bott is placed inside the copper cylinder.
(v) All are placE in the metal container.
(vi) There is also a graduated measuring cylinder.
(b)Measurement of total annual rainfall
(1) Everyday the funnel is removed.
(2) Any water the glass bottle is poured into calibrated measuring cylinder.
(3) The reading is taken at eye level.
(4) 11- reading is recorded.
(5) The readings are added to for each month.
(6) total rainfall for the twelve mono of the year is, summed up and this gives the total annual rainfall.
(c) Precautions to be taken in the use o the instruments.
(i) Rain gauge must be sited in an open space.
(ii) It must be at least 25 — 30cm above the ground
(iii) It must be fixed firmly to avoid spilling.
(iv) Reading must be taken daily.
(v) The area where the instrument is kept mu be fenced.