(a) With specific examples; explain the terms:
(i) light industry (ii) heavy industry
(b) Highlight four factors that limit industrial development in tropical Africa.
Explanation
(a) (i) Light industries are industries that produce light goods which are made for consumption. They usually ma-use of materials which have already been partially processed. Examples are leather industry, food industry, textile industry, printing and publishing and household goods.
(ii) Heavy industries are industries that manufacture heavy capital goods, such as ship, machinery, chemicals, etc. Examples are iron and steel industry, heavy engineering works, etc.
(b) Factors that limit industrial development in Tropical Africa:
(i) Inadequate skilled manpower
(ii) Low level of education and training
(iii) Small market
(iv) Inadequate infrastructure
(v) Shortage of raw materials
(vi) Inadequate capital
(vii) Inadequate power supply
(viii) Mismanagement
(ix) Political instability
(x) Restrictive industrial and administrative policies
(xi) Preference for foreign goods/competition with foreign goods.