(a)(i) What is meant by the activation energy of a reaction?
(ii) State the effect of a catalyst on activation energy.
(b) What substance serves as a catalyst in each of the following?
(I) Hydrogenation of oils
(ii) Biochemical reactions.
Explanation
(a)(i) Definition: Activation energy. Activation energy is the minimum energy which reactant particles (reaction complex or reacting particles) must possess before a reaction can occur.
(ii) A Catalyst: It lowers or alters the activation energy or provides an alternative pathway with a lower activation energy.
(b)(i) (finely divided) nickel (platinum, paladium), catalyses the hydrogenation of oils.
(ii) Enzymes catalyse biochemical reactions.